The Monstera, also known as the Swiss cheese plant, is one of the most popular houseplants. The Swiss cheese plant (Monstera) is a genus of plants in the Araceae family. It originally comes from the tropical rainforests of Central and South America and is known above all for its striking, perforated leaves. But when do these characteristic holes and slits appear in the leaves of the Monstera and what conditions are necessary for this?
Young Monstera has no holes in its leaves
You bought a Monstera deliciosa without holes? No need to worry: young Monstera plants initially have no so-called windows in their leaves. It is quite normal for the plant to only develop undivided new leaves in its early growth phase.
Only with age and with good care do the leaves develop the typical holes. This change often only occurs in older plants that are large and strong enough to form the characteristic leaves. This is different with the Monstera adansonii - with this houseplant the fenestration occurs immediately!
Why does this houseplant have so-called fenestrations?
The holes in the leaves of Monsteras have several evolutionary advantages that are useful in their natural environment.
- Light transmission: In dense tropical rainforests, sunlight is often scarce. The windows in the leaves can help light reach the lower leaves of the plant, increasing the photosynthesis capacity of the entire plant.
- Resistance: Slotted leaves reduce the surface area exposed to heavy rain and wind. This reduces the risk of the leaves being damaged or torn off.
- Climbing ability: Monstera plants are epiphytes and climb up trees in their natural habitat. The perforated leaves can make climbing easier by winding around branches and trunks more easily and offering less resistance.
Why is my Monstera not getting slits in the leaves?
There are several factors that can influence the growth and development of the characteristic fenestrations in the leaves of your Monstera.
Lack of light
Monstera plants need enough light to thrive. A bright location with indirect light is ideal. Too little light can inhibit the growth of the fenestrations, as the plant does not have enough energy to develop the more complex leaf structures. So if your Monstera deliciosa just isn't developing leaf slits, try giving it more light!
Nutrient deficiency
A balanced supply of nutrients is important for the healthy growth of the Monstera. Nutrient deficiencies can slow growth and affect the formation of the characteristic leaf windows. Regular fertilization with an organic fertilizer specifically designed for houseplants can help provide the necessary nutrients.
Humidity
Monsteras are tropical plants and prefer high humidity, consistent with their natural rainforest environment. Dry air can hamper the plant's growth and prevent the development of fenestrations. Regularly misting the leaves with a spray bottle can help keep the leaves slightly moist and increase humidity, which in turn promotes growth.
Age and size of the plant
The development of the fenestrations also depends on the age and size of the plant. Young plants only develop these structures when they get older and larger. Patience and proper care are therefore important to encourage the characteristic leaves.
Roots and pot size
Healthy root development is essential for the growth of the Monstera. A pot that is too small can restrict the roots and hinder the growth of the plant. Make sure the pot is large enough and the roots have enough space to spread.
Support
Because Monstera plants are climbers, they benefit from support. A moss stick or trellis can help the plant spread vertically and develop its distinctive leaves.
In this video we explain the plant care basics – for your green thumb!
Conclusion: Age and care of the Monstera are crucial
The Monstera deliciosa is a fascinating houseplant that, with proper care, develops impressive, large leaves with windows. Make sure there is enough light, a balanced supply of nutrients, high humidity, a climbing aid and a suitable pot size to encourage optimal growth of your Monstera. With a little patience and the right care, your plant will develop its characteristic leaves and become a highlight in your home.
